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Heritage Asset Accounting

User Guide

Financial accounting and valuation management for heritage assets to meet government reporting standards (GRAP 103, FRS 102, GASB 34, PSAS).


Workflow Overview

┌──────────────┐    ┌──────────────┐    ┌──────────────┐    ┌──────────────┐
│   Register   │    │   Value      │    │   Track      │    │   Report     │
│   Asset      │ ──▶│   Asset      │ ──▶│   Changes    │ ──▶│   Compliance │
│              │    │              │    │              │    │              │
│ Classification│    │ Cost/Fair   │    │ Movements    │    │ Disclosure   │
│ Recognition  │    │ Value       │    │ Impairment   │    │ Asset Register│
└──────────────┘    └──────────────┘    └──────────────┘    └──────────────┘

What is Heritage Accounting?

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│              HERITAGE ASSET ACCOUNTING                      │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  Government and public institutions must account for        │
│  heritage assets in their financial statements.             │
│                                                             │
│  This includes:                                             │
│  • Recognition (recording on the books)                     │
│  • Measurement (determining value)                          │
│  • Disclosure (reporting requirements)                      │
│                                                             │
│  Different countries have different standards:              │
│                                                             │
│  🇿🇦 South Africa  →  GRAP 103                              │
│  🇬🇧 United Kingdom →  FRS 102                               │
│  🇺🇸 United States  →  GASB 34                               │
│  🇨🇦 Canada         →  PSAS 3150                             │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

How to Access

Option A: From a Record                Option B: From Admin
───────────────────────                ─────────────────────

  View Object Record                     Main Menu
         │                                   │
         ▼                                   ▼
  Click "More" menu                      Admin
         │                                   │
         ▼                                   ▼
  "Heritage Accounting"                  Heritage Accounting
         │                                   │
         ▼                                   ▼
  Financial Data Form                    Dashboard & Reports

Part 1: Understanding Your Standard

Which Standard Applies?

                    Where is your institution?
        ┌─────────┬───────────┼───────────┬─────────┐
        │         │           │           │         │
        ▼         ▼           ▼           ▼         ▼
   ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐
   │  South  │ │  United │ │  United │ │  Canada │ │  Other  │
   │ Africa  │ │ Kingdom │ │  States │ │         │ │         │
   └────┬────┘ └────┬────┘ └────┬────┘ └────┬────┘ └────┬────┘
        │           │           │           │           │
        ▼           ▼           ▼           ▼           ▼
   ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐
   │ GRAP    │ │ FRS     │ │ GASB    │ │ PSAS    │ │ IPSAS   │
   │ 103     │ │ 102     │ │ 34      │ │ 3150    │ │ 45      │
   └─────────┘ └─────────┘ └─────────┘ └─────────┘ └─────────┘

Key Differences Between Standards

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  REQUIREMENT      │ GRAP 103 │ FRS 102 │ GASB 34 │ PSAS    │
├───────────────────┼──────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┤
│  Must capitalise? │ Yes      │ Choose  │ Choose  │ Choose  │
│  Valuation        │ Required │ Optional│ Optional│ Optional│
│  Depreciation     │ Consider │ Optional│ Not req │ Not req │
│  Disclosure       │ Detailed │ Detailed│ Detailed│ Detailed│
│  Financial year   │ Apr-Mar  │ Varies  │ Jul-Jun │ Apr-Mar │
└───────────────────┴──────────┴─────────┴─────────┴─────────┘

Part 2: Asset Classification

Heritage Asset Classes

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    ASSET CLASSES                            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  🎨 ART COLLECTIONS                                         │
│     Paintings, sculptures, decorative arts                  │
│                                                             │
│  🏺 ARCHAEOLOGICAL                                          │
│     Artefacts, excavation finds, antiquities                │
│                                                             │
│  🏛️  HERITAGE BUILDINGS                                      │
│     Historic structures, monuments                          │
│                                                             │
│  📚 ARCHIVES & MANUSCRIPTS                                  │
│     Documents, records, rare books                          │
│                                                             │
│  🔬 SCIENTIFIC COLLECTIONS                                  │
│     Natural history, specimens                              │
│                                                             │
│  🏆 DECORATIVE ARTS                                         │
│     Furniture, ceramics, textiles                           │
│                                                             │
│  📷 PHOTOGRAPHS & FILM                                      │
│     Visual media collections                                │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Part 3: Recognition

Should the Asset be Recognised?

              Can the asset be reliably measured?
              ┌────────────┴────────────┐
              │                         │
             YES                        NO
              │                         │
              ▼                         ▼
    Will future benefits          ┌─────────────┐
    flow to the entity?           │ Cannot be   │
              │                   │ recognised  │
     ┌────────┴────────┐         │ - Disclose  │
     │                 │         │   in notes  │
    YES               NO         └─────────────┘
     │                 │
     ▼                 ▼
┌──────────┐    ┌──────────────┐
│ RECOGNISE│    │Do not        │
│ on books │    │recognise     │
│          │    │- May still   │
│ Record   │    │  disclose    │
│ value    │    └──────────────┘
└──────────┘

Recognition Status

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  STATUS           │  MEANING                                │
├───────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  🟢 Recognised    │  Asset recorded in financial statements │
│  🔴 Not Recognised│  Cannot be reliably measured            │
│  🟡 Pending       │  Awaiting valuation or decision         │
└───────────────────┴─────────────────────────────────────────┘

Part 4: Valuation

Measurement Basis

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                   MEASUREMENT OPTIONS                       │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  📊 COST MODEL                                              │
│     Record at original cost                                 │
│     Less accumulated depreciation                           │
│     Less impairment losses                                  │
│                                                             │
│  💰 REVALUATION MODEL                                       │
│     Record at fair value                                    │
│     Revalue periodically                                    │
│     Requires qualified valuer                               │
│                                                             │
│  📝 NOMINAL VALUE                                           │
│     Record at R1 / £1 / $1                                  │
│     When cost unknown and can't value                       │
│     Common for donated items                                │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Recording a Valuation

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ RECORD VALUATION                                            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  Object:          ABC/001/012 - Oil Painting 1890           │
│                                                             │
│  Valuation Date:  [ 15/01/2026  📅]                        │
│                                                             │
│  Valuation Amount: [ R 250,000.00______]                    │
│                                                             │
│  Valuation Method: [ Market Approach     ▼]                 │
│                    ┌─────────────────────────┐              │
│                    │ Market Approach         │ ← Comparable │
│                    │ Cost Approach           │   sales      │
│                    │ Income Approach         │              │
│                    │ Expert Opinion          │              │
│                    └─────────────────────────┘              │
│                                                             │
│  Valuer Name:      [Smith & Associates Fine Art___]         │
│                                                             │
│  Valuer Credentials: [Registered Valuer, SAIA #12345_]      │
│                                                             │
│  Next Valuation Due: [ 15/01/2031  📅] (5 years)           │
│                                                             │
│  Notes:                                                     │
│  [Comparable sales analysis. Similar works by artist      ]│
│  [sold at auction for R200k-R300k in past 2 years.       ]│
│                                                             │
│                              [ Cancel ]  [ Save Valuation ] │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Valuation History

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ VALUATION HISTORY - Oil Painting 1890                       │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  Date         │ Value        │ Method    │ Valuer          │
│  ─────────────┼──────────────┼───────────┼─────────────────│
│  15 Jan 2026  │ R 250,000    │ Market    │ Smith & Assoc   │
│  12 Feb 2021  │ R 180,000    │ Market    │ Art Valuations  │
│  03 Jun 2016  │ R 120,000    │ Market    │ Fine Art Experts│
│  01 Jan 2010  │ R 75,000     │ Insurance │ Internal        │
│                                                             │
│  Movement: +R 70,000 (+38.9%) since last valuation          │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Part 5: Acquisition Methods

How Was the Asset Acquired?

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                   ACQUISITION METHODS                       │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  💵 PURCHASE                                                │
│     Bought with cash/budget                                 │
│     Record at: Purchase price + costs                       │
│                                                             │
│  🎁 DONATION                                                │
│     Gift from donor                                         │
│     Record at: Fair value at donation date                  │
│                                                             │
│  📜 BEQUEST                                                 │
│     Inherited through will                                  │
│     Record at: Fair value at receipt                        │
│                                                             │
│  🔄 TRANSFER                                                │
│     From another government entity                          │
│     Record at: Carrying amount of transferor                │
│                                                             │
│  🔃 EXCHANGE                                                │
│     Swapped for another asset                               │
│     Record at: Fair value given up                          │
│                                                             │
│  🔍 FOUND/DISCOVERED                                        │
│     Archaeological finds, attic discoveries                 │
│     Record at: Fair value when found                        │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Part 6: Impairment

What is Impairment?

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                                                             │
│   IMPAIRMENT = When an asset loses value unexpectedly       │
│                                                             │
│   Examples:                                                 │
│   • Physical damage (fire, flood, theft)                    │
│   • Loss of cultural significance                           │
│   • Restrictions limiting use                               │
│   • Market value decline                                    │
│                                                             │
│                                                             │
│   Original Value          Impaired Value                    │
│        │                        │                           │
│        ▼                        ▼                           │
│   ┌─────────┐              ┌─────────┐                      │
│   │ R100,000│   ───────▶   │ R60,000 │                      │
│   └─────────┘              └─────────┘                      │
│                                  │                          │
│                      Impairment Loss: R40,000               │
│                      (must be recorded)                     │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Record Impairment

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ RECORD IMPAIRMENT                                           │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  Object:              ABC/003/007 - Bronze Sculpture        │
│                                                             │
│  Current Value:       R 150,000                             │
│                                                             │
│  Impairment Date:     [ 20/01/2026  📅]                    │
│                                                             │
│  Reason:              [ Physical Damage      ▼]             │
│                       ┌─────────────────────────┐           │
│                       │ Physical Damage    ←    │           │
│                       │ Theft/Loss              │           │
│                       │ Obsolescence            │           │
│                       │ Market Decline          │           │
│                       │ Restriction Added       │           │
│                       └─────────────────────────┘           │
│                                                             │
│  Recoverable Amount:  [ R 90,000.00________]                │
│                                                             │
│  Impairment Loss:     R 60,000  (auto-calculated)           │
│                                                             │
│  Description:                                               │
│  [Sculpture fell during exhibition. Significant damage    ]│
│  [to base and one arm. Conservation estimate R40,000.     ]│
│                                                             │
│  Evidence Attached:   [📎 Condition Report.pdf]             │
│                       [📎 Conservation Quote.pdf]           │
│                                                             │
│                              [ Cancel ]  [ Record Loss ]    │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Part 7: Movement Register

Track Asset Movements

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                   MOVEMENT TYPES                            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  📥 ACQUISITION      Asset enters collection                │
│  📤 DISPOSAL         Asset leaves collection                │
│  🔄 TRANSFER IN      From another department                │
│  🔄 TRANSFER OUT     To another department                  │
│  ↗️  REVALUATION UP   Value increased                        │
│  ↘️  REVALUATION DOWN Value decreased                        │
│  ⬇️  IMPAIRMENT       Value written down                     │
│  ⬆️  REVERSAL         Impairment reversed                    │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Movement Register View

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ MOVEMENT REGISTER - Financial Year 2025/26                  │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  Opening Balance (1 Apr 2025):         R 45,250,000         │
│                                                             │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │ Date       │ Type          │ Asset      │ Amount    │   │
│  │────────────┼───────────────┼────────────┼───────────│   │
│  │ 15 Apr 25  │ Acquisition   │ Painting   │ + 250,000 │   │
│  │ 22 May 25  │ Revaluation ↑ │ Sculpture  │ + 50,000  │   │
│  │ 03 Jul 25  │ Disposal      │ Print      │ - 15,000  │   │
│  │ 18 Sep 25  │ Impairment    │ Textile    │ - 30,000  │   │
│  │ 20 Jan 26  │ Impairment    │ Bronze     │ - 60,000  │   │
│  │ 28 Feb 26  │ Transfer In   │ Archive    │ + 100,000 │   │
│  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                                             │
│  Net Movement:                         R 295,000            │
│                                                             │
│  Closing Balance (31 Mar 2026):        R 45,545,000         │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Part 8: Reports

Available Reports

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    FINANCIAL REPORTS                        │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  📋 ASSET REGISTER                                          │
│     Complete list of all heritage assets with values        │
│                                                             │
│  📊 DISCLOSURE NOTE                                         │
│     GRAP 103 / FRS 102 compliant disclosure                 │
│     Ready for annual financial statements                   │
│                                                             │
│  📈 VALUATION SCHEDULE                                      │
│     Assets due for revaluation                              │
│     Last valued more than 5 years ago                       │
│                                                             │
│  🛡️  INSURANCE REPORT                                        │
│     Insurance values and policy expiry dates                │
│                                                             │
│  ✅ COMPLIANCE CHECK                                        │
│     Percentage of assets meeting requirements               │
│     Missing data identification                             │
│                                                             │
│  📉 MOVEMENT SUMMARY                                        │
│     Year-on-year value changes                              │
│     Reconciliation report                                   │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Generate Disclosure Note

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ GENERATE DISCLOSURE NOTE                                    │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  Standard:         [ GRAP 103              ▼]               │
│                                                             │
│  Financial Year:   [ 2025/26 (Apr-Mar)     ▼]               │
│                                                             │
│  Include:                                                   │
│  ☑ Asset class breakdown                                    │
│  ☑ Movement reconciliation                                  │
│  ☑ Valuation summary                                        │
│  ☑ Recognition status                                       │
│  ☐ Individual asset listing                                 │
│                                                             │
│  Format:           ○ PDF  ● Excel  ○ Word                   │
│                                                             │
│                              [ Cancel ]  [ Generate ]       │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Sample Disclosure Output

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ HERITAGE ASSETS DISCLOSURE NOTE                             │
│ For the year ended 31 March 2026                            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│ Accounting Policy:                                          │
│ Heritage assets are recognised at fair value where          │
│ reliably measurable, otherwise at nominal value of R1.      │
│ Assets are revalued every 5 years by qualified valuers.     │
│                                                             │
│ ┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
│ │ Asset Class          │ 2025/26      │ 2024/25       │  │
│ │──────────────────────┼──────────────┼───────────────│  │
│ │ Art Collections      │ R 12,500,000 │ R 11,800,000  │  │
│ │ Archaeological       │ R  8,200,000 │ R  8,200,000  │  │
│ │ Archives             │ R 15,000,000 │ R 14,500,000  │  │
│ │ Decorative Arts      │ R  5,845,000 │ R  5,750,000  │  │
│ │ Scientific           │ R  4,000,000 │ R  4,000,000  │  │
│ │──────────────────────┼──────────────┼───────────────│  │
│ │ TOTAL                │ R 45,545,000 │ R 44,250,000  │  │
│ └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
│                                                             │
│ Movement Reconciliation:                                    │
│ Opening balance                    R 44,250,000             │
│ Acquisitions                       R    350,000             │
│ Revaluations                       R     50,000             │
│ Disposals                          R    (15,000)            │
│ Impairments                        R    (90,000)            │
│ Transfers in                       R  1,000,000             │
│ Closing balance                    R 45,545,000             │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Quick Reference

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  TASK                      │  HOW TO DO IT                  │
├────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────────┤
│  Add financial data        │  Record → More → Heritage Acct │
│  Record valuation          │  Financial tab → New Valuation │
│  Record impairment         │  Financial tab → Impairment    │
│  View asset register       │  Admin → Heritage → Register   │
│  Generate disclosure       │  Admin → Heritage → Reports    │
│  Check compliance          │  Admin → Heritage → Compliance │
│  View movements            │  Admin → Heritage → Movements  │
│  Export data               │  Any report → Export button    │
└────────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────────┘

Tips for Best Practice

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  ✓ DO                          │  ✗ DON'T                  │
├────────────────────────────────┼────────────────────────────┤
│  Use qualified valuers         │  Guess at values          │
│  Keep valuation evidence       │  Backdate valuations      │
│  Revalue every 3-5 years       │  Let valuations lapse     │
│  Record all acquisitions       │  Skip donated items       │
│  Document impairments          │  Ignore damage            │
│  Reconcile annually            │  Wait until audit         │
│  Match your country's standard │  Mix standards            │
└────────────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────┘

South African Financial Year

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                                                             │
│  SA Government Financial Year: 1 April to 31 March          │
│                                                             │
│       Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar       │
│        │                                             │      │
│        └─────────── Financial Year 2025/26 ──────────┘      │
│                                                             │
│  Key Dates:                                                 │
│  • 1 April    - Year start                                  │
│  • 30 June    - Q1 reporting                                │
│  • 31 October - Mid-year review                             │
│  • 31 March   - Year end                                    │
│  • 31 May     - AFS submission deadline                     │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Part 9: CLI Commands (System Administrators)

For system administrators, the plugin provides command-line tools for installation and regional configuration.

Installation Commands

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  INSTALL HERITAGE ACCOUNTING                                │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  Install core schema only:                                  │
│  $ php symfony heritage:install                             │
│                                                             │
│  Install with a specific region:                            │
│  $ php symfony heritage:install --region=africa_ipsas       │
│                                                             │
│  Install with multiple regions:                             │
│  $ php symfony heritage:install --region=africa_ipsas,uk_frs│
│                                                             │
│  Install with ALL regions:                                  │
│  $ php symfony heritage:install --all-regions               │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Region Management Commands

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  MANAGE REGIONS                                             │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  List all available regions:                                │
│  $ php symfony heritage:region                              │
│                                                             │
│  Install a region:                                          │
│  $ php symfony heritage:region --install=africa_ipsas       │
│                                                             │
│  Uninstall a region:                                        │
│  $ php symfony heritage:region --uninstall=uk_frs           │
│                                                             │
│  Set active region globally:                                │
│  $ php symfony heritage:region --set-active=africa_ipsas    │
│                                                             │
│  Set active region for a repository:                        │
│  $ php symfony heritage:region --set-active=africa_ipsas \  │
│                                --repository=5               │
│                                                             │
│  Override currency:                                         │
│  $ php symfony heritage:region --set-active=africa_ipsas \  │
│                                --currency=USD               │
│                                                             │
│  View region details:                                       │
│  $ php symfony heritage:region --info=africa_ipsas          │
│                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Available Regions

┌───────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────┐
│  CODE                 │  DESCRIPTION                        │
├───────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────┤
│  africa_ipsas         │  Africa (IPSAS 45)                  │
│                       │  Zimbabwe, Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana    │
│                       │                                     │
│  south_africa_grap    │  South Africa (GRAP 103)            │
│                       │  National Treasury compliance       │
│                       │                                     │
│  uk_frs               │  United Kingdom (FRS 102)           │
│                       │  Charity Commission SORP            │
│                       │                                     │
│  usa_government       │  USA Government (GASB 34)           │
│                       │  State and local governments        │
│                       │                                     │
│  usa_nonprofit        │  USA Non-Profit (FASB 958)          │
│                       │  Museums, galleries                 │
│                       │                                     │
│  australia_nz         │  Australia/NZ (AASB 116)            │
│                       │  AASB compliance                    │
│                       │                                     │
│  canada_psas          │  Canada (PSAS 3150)                 │
│                       │  Public accounts                    │
│                       │                                     │
│  international_private│  International Private (IAS 16)     │
│                       │  Private sector compliance          │
└───────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────────────┘

Region Output Example

$ php symfony heritage:region

=== Heritage Accounting Regions ===

Available Regions:

Code                     Name                               Status      Countries
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
africa_ipsas             Africa (IPSAS 45)                  [INSTALLED] Zimbabwe, Kenya, Nigeria...
south_africa_grap        South Africa (GRAP 103)            [not installed]
uk_frs                   United Kingdom (FRS 102)           [not installed]
usa_government           USA Government (GASB 34)           [not installed]
...

To install a region: php symfony heritage:region --install=<region_code>
To see region details: php symfony heritage:region --info=<region_code>

Troubleshooting

Problem                          Solution
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Can't find Heritage Accounting→  Check Admin menu
                                 May need admin permission

Value not saving              →  Check currency format
                                 Remove currency symbol

Wrong financial year          →  Check system date setting
                                 Select correct year in report

Report won't generate         →  Reduce date range
                                 Check assets have values

Compliance % low              →  Review missing data report
                                 Complete required fields

Need Help?

Contact your system administrator if you experience issues.

For accounting standards: - GRAP 103: www.asb.co.za - FRS 102: www.frc.org.uk - GASB: www.gasb.org - PSAS: www.frascanada.ca


Part of the AtoM AHG Framework